Carbon is an element which appears in a variety of different forms, which either occur in natur or are created man-made. The most common ones are graphite and diamond, which both can be of natural or synthetic origin. However, a number of other forms of elementary carbon exists, such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, amorphous carbon, lonsdaleite, glassy carbon and others. FutureCarbon treats basically three different carbons – natural graphite, carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers. The latter ones feature a filament-like structure and exceptional properties. Usually they are considered to be particular forms of synthetic carbon, occasionally people regard them as new modifications.